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Essaouira is on the Unesco World Heritage list.
The Medina of Essaouira, formerly named Mogador, is an outstanding example of a fortified town of the mid-eighteenth century, surrounded by a wall. Constructed according to the principles of contemporary European military architecture, in a North African context, it has played a major role over the centuries as an international trading seaport, linking Morocco and sub-Saharan Africa with Europe and the rest of the world. It is relatively late foundation in comparison to other medinas of North Africa was the work of the Alaouite Sultan Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah (1757-1790) who wished to make this small Atlantic town a royal port and chief Moroccan commercial centre open to the outside world. Known for a long time as the Port of Timbuktu, Essaouira became one of the major Atlantic commercial centres between Africa and Europe at the end of the 18th century and during the 19th century.